NT 123 Hermeneutics
I.  A.  Summary  of  Course  Responsibilities
spring, 2025
	The course meets from Feb. 3 to May 2. We will not meet in the Spring Break, Apr. 13-20.
	Various reading assignments accompany the different sections of the course outline, as follows:
II.	Foundations  of  biblical  interpretation
7 Feb.	Required:	Poythress, God-Centered Biblical Interpretation
		Berkhof, Principles of Biblical Interpretation 11-39 (history of interpretation)
	Optional:	Berkhof, Principles of Biblical Interpretation 40-60 (inspiration)
		Van Til, An Introduction to Systematic Theology 117-259, especially 190-240.
III.	Basic  steps  in  biblical  interpretation
14 Feb.	Required:	Kuhatschek, How to Lead, chaps. 6-7 (basics of interpretation)
	Optional:	Kuhatschek, How to Lead, chaps. 3-5
		Clowney, CM: Christian Meditation.
IV.	Application
14 Feb.	Required:	Allen, The Spontaneous Expansion chaps. 2,4,5 (hidden agenda in church)
	Optional:	Stott, Between Two Worlds.
		Herbert Schlossberg, Idols for Destruction.
		Conn, “Theological Education,” WTJ 41 (1978-79) 324-63.
		Zens, “Building Up the Body” Baptist Reformation Rev. 10/2 (1981) 10-33.
V.	Historical  and  cultural  background
21 Feb.   Required: acquaint yourself with Longman, Old Testament Commentary Survey; Carson, New Testament Commentary Survey; bestcommentaries.com; Evans, A Guide.
		Berkhof, Principles of Biblical Interpretation 113-132.
VI.	Historical  purposes
A. Time and history
28 Feb. 		Required:	E. Earle Ellis, "How the New Testament Uses the Old," in Marshall, ed., New Testament Interpretation, pp. 209-214 (only the last section of the total article)
28 Feb.		G. K. Beale, Handbook on the New Testament Use ..., chap. 5, 95-102
28 Feb.		Greidanus, Sola Scriptura (skim) (redemptive-historical preaching)
	Optional:	Poythress, “Divine Meaning of Scripture,” WTJ 48 (1986) 241-79
		Clowney, Preaching and Biblical Theology 15-17
		Clowney, The Unfolding Mystery
		Berkhof, Principles of Biblical Interpretation 133-166
		Waltke, “A Canonical Process Approach to the Psalms”
		Vos, Biblical Theology
		Trimp, Preaching
B. Historical-critical method
	Optional:	Marshall, New Testament Interpretation 11-18 (modern exegesis)
C. Modern  situationist  and  subjectivist  hermeneutics
D. Dispensationalism
7 Mar.	Required:	Poythress, Understanding Dispensationalists
		Ryrie, Dispensationalism, chap. 5 (79-95)
	Optional:	Allis, Prophecy and the Church, chap. 2 (dispensational hermeneutics)
		Fairbairn, Interpretation of Prophecy
		Blaising and Bock, Progressive Dispensationalism
E. Typology
14 Mar.	Required:	Clowney, Preaching and Biblical Theology, 98-112
		Vos, Biblical Theology, the part of chap. 8 on typology, 161-172 (1948) or 143-155 (1975)
VII.	Words
21 Mar.	Required:	Silva, Biblical Words 17-32, 138-59 (lexical semantics)
		Carson, Exegetical Fallacies 26-32 (2d ed. 28-33)
	Optional:	Carson, Exegetical Fallacies 32-90 (2d ed. 33-86)
		Pike, Linguistic Concepts 40-65 (CVD)
VIII.	Relations  between  passages
21 Mar.	Required:	Poythress, Symphonic Theology
	Recommended if you aren’t sure that you understand Silva and Carson:
		Thiselton, “Semantics,” pp. 75-82, 85-88 in Marshall, NT Interpretation
		Carson, Exegetical Fallacies 44-48
		Barr, Semantics 206-238, 263-272 (words and concepts)
	Optional:	Silva, 101-135
		Barr, Semantics 1-45, 107-140, 273-287
IX.	Syntax
	Optional:	Pike, Linguistic Concepts 1-38.
		Berkhof, Principles of Biblical Interpretation 82-99
		Goetchius, Language of the New Testament, chap. 3 (linguistics of Greek)
X.	Large-scale  organization
 4 Aprl.	Optional:	Poythress, “Propositional Relations,” in The NT Student and His Field.
		Ryken, How to Read the Bible as Literature
		Fee, How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth

11 Apr. Required:	Poythress, In the Beginning Was the Word, 199-215

	2.  Short analysis papers occur when we reach in the course outline:
III.E    VI.A   VI.E   VII.C    VIII.H    IX.D   X.F  X.H 
	3.  May 2, 2025. The biblical-theological paper is due.
	4.  Final examination, May ??, 9:00am to 12:00n, in person.
NT 123 Hermeneutics:  Bibliography
Vern S. Poythress

		This bibliography contains a list of basic tools for biblical interpretation, textbooks on hermeneutics, and other articles and books relevant to hermeneutical theory and practice.  The first few sections of the bibliography contain lists of the most important books which should form the core of a pastor’s library.  The final section is a general bibliography.

CODE:

1 required purchase.
2 recommended purchase.
3 of general interest for students.  Buy selectively.
4 more specialized.  The well-equipped pastor’s library will have them.
5 necessary for advanced study.  Be aware of them, but buy only as you have need.
6 for laypeople.

1. A minimal bibliography of basic tools 
     a. Computerized tools
		Nowadays, if you have adequate computer capabilities, many of the tools below can be replaced to some extent by a Bible study program available on CD-ROM.  The programs are available in various versions, depending on what capabilities you want and what you are willing to pay.  If you decide to take this route, I recommend that you get a version with Greek and Hebrew texts, Greek and Hebrew lexicons, parsing, and search capabilities on parsed text.

Accordance.  accordancebible.com.
Logos Bible.  Logos Research. logos.com.
     b. Bible study
1,6Kuhatschek, Jack, and Bunch, Cindy.  How to Lead a LifeGuide Bible Study.  3d ed.  Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2003.  Inductive Bible study, especially in order to facilitate leading group discussion.
3Poythress, Vern S. Reading the Word of God in the Presence of God: A Handbook for Biblical Interpretation. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2016. A step-by-step guide.
     c. Background
2Currid, John D., and Barrett, David P. Crossway ESV Bible Atlas. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2010.
2,6Marshall, I. Howard, Millard, A. R., Packer, J. I., and Wiseman, D. J. Eds. New Bible Dictionary. 3d ed. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1996.
     d. Old Testament
2(Bagster).  The Englishman’s Hebrew and Chaldee Concordance of the Old Testament.  5th ed.  London: Bagster, 1963.  Concordance to Hebrew and Aramaic words of the OT.  But individual entries under a given word are from the KJV rather than the original.  Ref. BS 1125 .W5 1890.
2(Bagster).  A Handy Concordance of the Septuagint.  London: Bagster, 1970.  Actually only an index of Greek words.  It lists verse numbers but gives no citations.  This is unsatisfactory, but the alternative (Hatch-Redpath) is too expensive for the average pastor’s needs.
2(Bagster).  The Septuagint Version of the Old Testament and Apocrypha with an English Translation.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1962.  Make sure that you get the apocrypha included.  No critical apparatus.  Ref. BS 942 .B74 1972.
2Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia.  Hebrew text with critical apparatus.
2Brown, Francis, S. R. Driver, and Charles A. Briggs.  A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament with an Appendix Containing the Biblical Aramaic.  Oxford: Oxford University, 1953.  A relatively inexpensive but detailed lexicon.  For years it was the standard English lexicon of biblical Hebrew and Aramaic.  Ref. PJ 4833 .B67 1953.
2Gesenius.  Gesenius’ Hebrew Grammar as Edited and Enlarged by the Late E. Kautzsch.  2d English ed.  Oxford: Oxford University, 1910.  The standard Hebrew grammar.  Ref. PJ 4564 .G513 1978.
3Rosenthal, Franz.  A Grammar of Biblical Aramaic.  Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1961.
    e. New Testament
2(Bagster).  The New Englishman’s Greek Concordance.  South Pasadena: William Carey Library, 1972.  Concordance of Greek words, but individual entries are given in KJV.  Ref. BS 2341 .W65 1972.
2Bauer, Walter.  A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature.  Rev. ed. F. W. Danker.  3d ed.  Chicago: University of Chicago, 2000.  The standard NT lexicon.  Ref. PA 881 .B38 2000.  (But the 2d edition is more reliable, if you can obtain it.)
2Burton, Ernest De Witt.  Syntax of the Moods and Tenses in New Testament Greek.  3d ed.  Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1898.  A clearly organized, accurate advanced grammar of verbal syntax.  Ref. PA 857 .B8 1898b.
4Liddell, Henry George, Scott, Robert, and Jones, Henry Stuart.  Eds.  A Greek-English Lexicon.    With Supplement 1968.  Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1968.  This or some other general Greek lexicon is necessary to handle the full vocabulary of the LXX, Josephus, Philo, and other sources referred to by commentaries.
2Nestle, Eberhard et al.  Novum Testamentum Graece.  27th ed.  Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelstiftung, 1994.  Greek text with critical apparatus.  Make sure that you get the 26th ed. or later. 28th edition since 2012.
4Blass, Friedrich, and A. Debrunner. (BDF). A Greek Grammar of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature. Trans. of 9th-10th German ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961.

    f. Topical analysis of the Bible
2Kohlenberger, John R. Zondervan NIV Nave's Topical Bible. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1992. A revision of Nave’s Topical Bible.  This is the best topical concordance.
    g. Biblical Theology
4Alexander, T. Desmond, Rosner, Brian S., Carson, D.A., and Goldsworthy, Graeme.  Eds.  The New Dictionary of Biblical Theology.  Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2000.
4Beale, G.K., and Carson, D.A.  Eds.  Commentary on the New Testament Use of the Old Testament.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 2007.
4Ryken, Leland, Wilhoit, James C., and Longman, Tremper, III.  Eds.  Dictionary of Biblical Imagery.  Downers Grove, IL: InterVaristy, 1998.
4Vos, Geerhardus.  Biblical Theology.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1948. Also, Banner of Truth, 1975.

2. Expanding the minimal bibliography
	Useful direction can be found in the following annotated bibliographies of reference tools.
3Carson, D. A.  New Testament Commentary Survey.  6th ed.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 2007. 
3Longman, Tremper, III.  Old Testament Commentary Survey.  4th ed.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 2007.
3Stuart, Douglas.  Old Testament Exegesis: A Primer for Students and Pastors.  Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1980.  BS 1194 .S83.
www.bestcommentaries.com
    a. Bible study
3,6Sterrett, T. Norton, and Schultz, Richard L. How to Understand Your Bible. Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2010.
    b. Background
3Bromiley, Geoffrey W.  Ed.  The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. 4 vols. Rev. ed. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995.
3Yamauchi, Edwin M., and Wilson, Marvin R. Dictionary of Daily Life in Biblical and Post-biblical Antiquity. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 2014-2016.
    c. Old Testament
5Clines, David J. A.  Ed.  The Dictionary of Classical Hebrew.  Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1993.  A multivolume set, destined to become the standard for years to come.  Ref. PJ 4833 .C54 1993.
5Even-Shoshan, Abraham.  Ed.  A New Concordance of the Old Testament Using the Hebrew and Aramaic Text.  2d ed.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 1989.
5Hatch, Edwin, and Henry A. Redpath.  A Concordance to the Septuagint and the Other Greek Versions of the Old Testament (Including the Apocryphal Books).  2 vols.  Oxford: Oxford Univeristy, 1897.  The standard concordance of the LXX.  Ref. BS 1122 .H3.
5Koehler, Ludwig, and Baumgartner, Walter.  The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament.  Leiden: Brill, 1994.  More up-to-date than Brown, Driver, and Briggs, but also more expensive, and in some respects less lexically exact.  PJ 4833 .K6313 1994.
5Rahlfs, Alfred.  Ed.  Septuaginta.  2 vols.  Stuttgart: Württembergische Bibelanstalt, 1971.  Septuagint text with critical apparatus.  Ref. BS 741 .R3 1971.
    d. New Testament
3Alsop, John R.  An Index to the Revised Bauer-Arndt-Gingrich Greek Lexicon, Second Edition.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1981.  Useful in parsing and in finding the relevant subsections of long articles in BAG.  But can easily become a “crutch” on which one is overly dependent.  Ref. PA 881 .B382 1981.

5Computer Concordance to the Novum Testamentum Graece.  Ed. Institute for New Testament Textual Research and the Computer Center of Münster University.  2d ed.  Berlin/New York: de Gruyter, 1985.  Ref. BS 2302 .C65 1985.
4 or 5Mouton, W. F.  and A. S. Geden.  A Concordance to the Greek Testament.  5th ed.  Edinburgh: T. and T. Clark, 1968.  A relatively full Greek concordance.  Ref. BS 2302 .M8 1978.
    e. Topical analysis of the Bible
5Joy, Charles R. Harper’s Topical Concordance of the Bible.  New York: HarperCollins, 1989. Not as comprehensive as Kohlenberger’s Zondervan NIV Nave's Topical Bible, but independently produced and so of independent value.

For cultural and historical background, see the bibliography in V.A.
    f. Apocryphal Literature
4Charlesworth, James H.  The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha.  2 vols.  Garden City: Doubleday, 1983-84.
4Hennecke, E.  New Testament Apocrypha.  2 vols.  London: SCM, 1963.
3. Second, “back-up” lexicons and grammars
		a. Hebrew
5Bauer, Hans and Pontus Leander.  Historische Grammatik der hebraische Sprache des Alten Testaments.  Hildesheim: Georg Olms Verlag, 1962-.
5Waltke, Bruce K., and O’Connor, M.  Introduction to Biblical Hebrew Syntax.  Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1989.
		b. Greek
5Louw, Johannes, and Nida, Eugene.  Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament: Based on Semantic Domains.  New York: United Bible Societies, 1988.
5Thayer, Joseph Henry.  Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament Being Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1963.

	4. Some noteworthy bibliographical tools
5bestcommentaries.com.
2Carson, D.A.  New Testament Commentary Survey. 6th ed. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2006.
5Evans, John F. A Guide to Biblical Commentaries and Reference Works. 10th ed. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2016.
2Longman, Tremper, III. Old Testament Commentary Survey.  4th ed. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2006.
5Spurgeon, Charles H.  Commenting and Commentaries.  Two Lectures Addressed to the Students of the Pastors’ College, Metropolitan Tabernacle.  London: Passmore & Alabaster, 1890.  London: Banner of Truth, 1969.
5. Textbooks on hermeneutics
5Adler, Mortimer J., and van Doren, Charles.  How To Read a Book.  Rev. ed.  New York: Simon & Schuster, 1972.  Contains many similarities to what is needed in biblical hermeneutics.  PN 83 .A43 1972
3Berkhof, Louis.  Principles of Biblical Interpretation.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1950.  A Reformed hermeneutics textbook.
5Bock, Darrell L., and Fanning, Buist M.  Eds.  Interpreting the New Testament Text: Introduction to the Art and Science of Exegesis.  Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2006.  BS 2331 .I58 2006. 
4Cotterell, Peter, and Turner, Max.  Linguistics & Biblical Interpretation.  Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1989.  An excellent survey of linguistic methods relevant to exegesis.
4Fee, Gordon D.  New Testament Exegesis: A Handbook for Students and Pastors.  Philadelphia: Westminster, 1983.  NT analog of Stuart.  See main bibliography for a note on some strengths and weaknesses.  BS 476 .F38 1983
5Greidanus, Sidney.  The Modern Preacher and the Ancient Text: Interpreting and Preaching Biblical Literature.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1988.  A useful hermeneutical textbook oriented toward textual preaching that is biblical-theologically informed.  BS 534.5 .G74 1988
5Kaiser, Walter C., Jr.  Toward an Exegetical Theology: Biblical Exegesis for Preaching and Teaching.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 1981.  Evangelical approach.  Careful attention to methodical steps of exegesis.  Marred by uncritical acceptance of E. D. Hirsch’s theory of meaning.  BS 476 .K35.
4McCartney, Dan, and Clayton, Charles.  Let the Reader Understand: A Guide to Interpreting and Applying the Bible.  Wheaton, IL: Victor Books, 1994.  Readable.  Particular attention to presuppositions.  BS 476 .M333 1994.
4Mickelsen, A. Berkeley.  Interpreting the Bible.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1963.  The most thorough evangelical hermeneutics textbook.
3Newton, John. "On Controversy." (a letter). <http://www.ligonier.org/blog/oncontroversy/>.
5Osborne, Grant R.  The Hermeneutical Spiral: A Comprehensive Introduction to Biblical Interpretation.  Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1991.  BS 476 .O79 1991.
5Poythress, Vern S. Reading the Word of God in the Presence of God: A Handbook for Biblical Interpretation. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2016.
4Pratt, Richard L., Jr. He Gave Us Stories: The Bible Student's Guide to Interpreting Old Testament Narratives. Brentwood, TN: Wolgemuth & Hyatt, 1990. Despite the title, quite a bit is about hermeneutics for all of Scripture.
5Ramm, Bernard L.  Protestant Biblical Interpretation: A Textbook of Hermeneutics.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 1970.  An evangelical hermeneutics textbook.
5Stein, Robert H.  Playing by the Rules: A Basic Guide to Interpreting the Bible.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 1994.
3,6Sterrett, T. Norton.  How to Understand Your Bible.  Rev. ed.  Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1974.
3Stuart, Douglas.  Old Testament Exegesis: A Primer for Students and Pastors.  Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1980.  An outline for sermon preparations with good accompanying bibliography.  BS 1194 .S83.
5Terry, Milton S.  Biblical Hermeneutics: A Treatise on the Interpretation of the Old and New Testaments.  Grand Rapids: Zondervann, 1974.  A nineteenth century hermeneutics textbook with a long section on the history of interpretation.  This historical section retains its value, but there are many problems with the rest.
3Traina, Robert A.  Methodical Bible Study: A New Approach to Hermeneutics.  New York: Ganis and Harris, 1952.  A precursor of discourse analysis.
6. Discourse analysis (often called "arcing")
5Beale, G. K. "An Exegetical Manual: Sentence Flows, Discourse Analysis, and Other Related Matters."
5http://www.desiringgod.org/resource-library/articles/where-can-i-learn-more-about-the-bible-study-method-called-arcing
5http://http://sourceforge.net/projects/datool/

7. General Bibliography
6Adams, Jay E.  What to Do on Thursday: A Layman’s Guide to the Practical Use of the Scriptures.  Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1962.  Emphasis on in-life use of the Bible.  Not much attention to the corporate dimensions of interpretation.
5Adler, Mortimer J., and van Doren, Charles.  How To Read a Book.  Rev. ed.  New York: Simon & Schuster, 1972.  Contains many similarities to what is needed in biblical hermeneutics.  PN 83 .A43 1972
4Alexander, T. Desmond, Rosner, Brian S., Carson, D.A., and Goldsworthy, Graeme.  Eds.  The New Dictionary of Biblical Theology.  Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2000.
2Allen, Roland.  The Spontaneous Expansion of the Church and the Causes Which Hinder It.  London: World Dominion Press, 1960.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1962.
5Baker, David.  “Typology and the Christian Use of the Old Testament,” SJT 29 (1976) 137-157.
5Barr, James.  The Semantic of Biblical Language.  Oxford: Oxford Univeristy, 1961.  An attack on the excesses of biblical theology, using insights from general linguistics.
2Bauer, Walter.  A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature.  Rev. ed. F. W. Danker.  3d ed.  Chicago: University of Chicago, 2000.  The standard NT lexicon.  Ref. PA 881 .B38 2000.
5Beale, G. K. "An Exegetical Manual: Sentence Flows, Discourse Analysis, and Other Related Matters."
4Beale, G. K. Handbook on the New Testament Use of the Old Testament: Exegesis and Interpretation. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2012.
4Beale, G.K., and Carson, D.A.  Eds.  Commentary on the New Testament Use of the Old Testament.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 2007.
5Beekman, John.  “Toward an Understanding of Narrative Structure.”  Dallas: SIL, 1978.
3Beekman, John and Callow, John. Translating the Word of God, with Scripture and Topical Indexes.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1974.  An excellent introduction to modern translation theory.
5Beitzel, Barry J.  The Moody Atlas of Bible Lands.  Chicago: Moody, 1985.  G 2230 .B44 1985.
2Berkhof, Louis.  Principles of Biblical Interpretation.  Grand Rapids:Eerdmans, 1950.  A Reformed textbook.
5bestcommentaries.com.
5Black, David Alan.  Linguistics for Students of New Testament Greek: A Survey of Basic Concepts and Applications.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 1988.
5Blaising, Craig, and Bock, Darrell L.  Eds.  Dispensationalism, Israel and the Church.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1992.  On modifications leading to “progressive” dispensationalism.  BT 157 .D57 1992.
5Blaising, Craig, and Bock, Darrell L.  Progressive Dispensationalism.  Wheaton, IL: Victor Books, 1993.  BT 157 .B53 1993.

4Blass, Friedrich, and A. Debrunner. (BDF). A Greek Grammar of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature. Trans. of 9th-10th German ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961. http://campus.wts.edu/~vpoythress/nt123/pdfs/Blass.GrammarOfNewTestamentGreek1905.pdf
5Bock, Darrell L., and Fanning, Buist M.  Eds.  Interpreting the New Testament Text: Introduction to the Art and Science of Exegesis.  Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2006.  BS 2331 .I58 2006.
3Bromiley, Geoffrey W.  Ed.  The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. 4 vols. Rev. ed. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995.
5Brown, Francis, Driver, S. R., and Briggs, Charles A. A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament with an Appendix Containing the Biblical Aramaic. Oxford: Oxford University, 1907. Available as a free pdf: <http://campus.wts.edu/~vpoythress/nt123/nt123.html#pdfs>.
 
5Bultmann, Rudolf.  Theology of the New Testament.  2 vols.  New York: Scribner’s, 1955.  II 237-251.  Existential hermeneutics.
5Burns, E. D. Ancient Gospel, Brave New World: Jesus Still Saves Sinners in Cultures of Shame, Fear, Bondage, and Weakness. Cape Coral, FL: Founders Press, 2021.
5Burns, E. D. The Transcultural Gospel. Cape Coral, FL: Founders Press, 2021.
5Burton, Ernest De Witt.  Syntax of the Moods and Tenses in New Testament Greek.  3d ed.  Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1898. Reprint: Grand Rapids: Kregel, 1976. A clearly organized, accurate advanced grammar of verbal syntax.  Ref. PA 857 .B8 1976. Available as a free pdf: <http://campus.wts.edu/~vpoythress/nt123/nt123.html#pdfs>.
3Callow, Kathleen.  Discourse Considerations in Translating the Word of God.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1974.  A companion volume to Beekman-Callow.
5Carson, Donald A.  Exegetical Fallacies.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 1984.  An excellent summary of errors, reinforcing the concerns of NT 123.  BS 476 .C37.  2d ed., 1996.
3Carson, D. A., and Moo, Douglas J.  An Introduction to the New Testament.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2005.
3Carson, D. A.  New Testament Commentary Survey.  6th ed.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 2007. 
3Clowney, Edmund P.  CM: Christian Meditation.  Nutley, NJ: Craig, 1979.  BV 4813 .C46.
3Clowney, Edmund P.  Preaching and Biblical Theology.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1961.
3Clowney, Edmund P.  The Unfolding Mystery: Discovering Christ in the Old Testament.  Colorado Springs, CO: NavPress, 1989.
5Conn, Harvie.  “4.  Theological Education and the Search for Excellence,” WTJ 41 no. 2 (1978-79) 311-63, especially 324-63.  On contextualization of theological education.
4Cotterell, Peter, and Turner, Max.  Linguistics & Biblical Interpretation.  Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1989.
5Culley, Robert C.  Studies in the Structure of Hebrew Narrative.  Philadelphia: Fortress, 1976.  An application of structuralism.
2Currid, John D., and Barrett, David P. Crossway ESV Bible Atlas. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2010.
5Davidson, Richard M.  Typology in Scripture: A Study of Hermeneutical τυπος Structures.  Berrien Springs, MI: Andrews University Press, 1981.
5http://www.desiringgod.org/resource-library/articles/where-can-i-learn-more-about-the-bible-study-method-called-arcing.
1Dodd, Charles H.  According to the Scriptures: The Sub-Structure of New Testament Theology.  London: Nisbet, 1952.  An insightful approach by a liberal to NT use of the OT. I am told it is available for free after making yourself an account at http://www.scribd.com/.
5Ellis, E. Earle.  "How the New Testament Uses the Old," in I. Howard Marshall, ed., New Testament Interpretation.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1977.  Pp. 199-219, especially. pp. 209-214.
5Evans, John F. A Guide to Biblical Commentaries and Reference Works. 10th ed. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2016. Z7770 .E92 2016.
5Even-Shoshan, Abraham.  Ed.  A New Concordance of the Old Testament Using the Hebrew and Aramaic Text.  2d ed.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 1989.
5Fairbairn, Patrick.  The Interpretation of Prophecy.  Reprint.  London: The Banner of Truth Trust, 1964.  Much thoughtful material.
4Fairbairn, Patrick.  The Typology of Scripture, Viewed in Connection with the Whole Series of … the Divine Dispensations.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 1975.  A classic sane approach to typology.
5Farrar, Frederic.  History of Interpretation.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 1961.  A classic by an enlightenment lover.
4Fee, Gordon D.  New Testament Exegesis: A Handbook for Students and Pastors.  Philadelphia: Westminster, 1983.  This is a good list of nuts-and-bolts detail, the various steps that go into writing a good exegesis paper.  It is a good supplement to my outline of steps in sermon preparation.  There are only a few problems to watch out for.  (1) Fee has not realized that for exegeting the Gospels, all the work he recommends on detailed use of a synopsis, and investigation of the sources, does no good at all when you come to trying to understand the Gospels as we have them.  Ignore the steps that Fee recommends.  (2) Fee has a sane approach to word meanings, but overestimates the value of Kittel.  (3) Fee gives too little help on how to integrate exegesis with the study of the connections with the rest of the Bible.  BS 476 .F38 1983
3,6Fee, Gordon D. and Douglas Stuart.  How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth: A Guide to Understanding the Bible.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2003. A guide to interpreting the major genres of books of the Bible. This is clearly and attractively written for laymen, but it will really stretch them.
5Ferguson, Everett. Backgrounds of Early Christianity. 3d ed. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003.
6Finzel, Hans.  With Patricia H. Picardi.  Observe, Interpret, Apply.  Wheaton: SP Publications, 1994.  Expounding in detail the threefold elementary steps in inductive Bible study.  BS 600.2 .F54 1994
5Fish, Stanley E.  “Normal Circumstances, Literal Language, Direct Speech Acts, the Ordinary, the Everyday, the Obvious, What Goes Without Saying, and Other Special Cases,” Critical Inquiry 4:4 (summer, 1978) 625-644.
6Geisler, Norman L.  Christ: The Key to Interpreting the Bible.  Chicago: Moody, 1968.
5Gesenius, Wilhelm. Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar as Edited and Enlarged by the Late E. Kautzsch .... Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1910. Available for free as a pdf: <http://campus.wts.edu/~vpoythress/nt123/nt123.html#pdfs>.
5Gibson, Arthur.  Biblical Semantic Logic: A Preliminary Analysis.  New York: St. Martin’s, 1981.  A continuation of James Barr’s criticisms in a more philosophico-logical vein.  Fairly difficult reading.  BS 537 .G5 1981.
3Goetchius, Eugene Van Ness.  The Language of the New Testament.  New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1965.  An Approach to Greek grammar using insights from structural linguistics.
5Grant, Robert M.  The Bible in the Church: A Short History of Interpretation.  New York: Macmillan, 1948.
5Greidanus, Sidney.  The Modern Preacher and the Ancient Text: Interpreting and Preaching Biblical Literature.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1988.  A useful hermeneutical textbook oriented toward textual preaching that is biblical-theologically informed.  BS 534.5 .G74 1988.
5Greidanus, Sidney.  Preaching Christ from the Old Testament: A Contemporary Hermeneutical Method.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1999.
5Greidanus, Sidney.  Sola Scriptura: Problems and Principles in Preaching Historical Texts.  Kameen: Kok, 1970.  The controversy over redemptive-historical preaching.
5Grimes, Joseph.  The Thread of Discourse.  The Hague: Mouton, 1974.  A linguistic approach to discourse.
5Groningen, Gerard Van.  Messianic Revelation in the Old Testament.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 1990.  A profitable, cautious, up-to-date treatment of the theme of messianic mediator in the OT.  BT 235 .G76 1990.
5Guinness, Os, and Seel, John.  Eds.  No God but God.  Chicago: Moody, 1992.  On modern forms of idolatry within American evangelicalism.  BV 652.1 .N6 1992.
5Hallo, William W.  Ed.  The Context of Scripture.  3 vols.  Leiden: Brill, 1997-2002.  Update to Pritchard's ANET.
5Hesselgrave, David J.  Communicating Christ Cross-Culturally.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1978.  Much relevant material for contextualization and application.  BV 4319 .H47.
5Hunter, James Davison.  Evangelicalism: The Coming Generation.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.  On the relation of evangelicals to surrounding culture, and its effect on biblical interpretation.  BR 1640 .H86 1987.
6Job, John.  How to Study the Bible.  Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1973.
5Johnson, Cedric B.  The Psychology of Biblical Interpretation.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1983.  BS 476 .J63 1983.
5Johnson, Dennis E.  Him We Proclaim: Preaching Christ from All the Scriptures.  Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 2007.  An excellent resource for preaching Christ.
5Joy, Charles R. Harper’s Topical Concordance of the Bible.  New York: HarperCollins, 1989. Not as comprehensive as Kohlenberger’s Zondervan NIV Nave's Topical Bible, but independently produced and so of independent value.
5Kaiser, Walter C., Jr., and Moisés Silva.  An Introduction to Biblical Hermeneutics: The Search for Meaning.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1994.  Represents two differing viewpoints on a number of key subjects.  BS 476 .K33 1994.
3Kaiser, Walter C., Jr.  The Old Testament in Contemporary Preaching.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 1973.
5Kaiser, Walter C., Jr.  Toward an Exegetical Theology: Biblical Exegesis for Preaching and Teaching.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 1981.  An evangelical textbook.  It includes many good ideas, but also includes Kaiser’s distinctive views with regard to single meaning and “principlizing.”  BS 476 .K35.
4Kantenwein, Lee L.  Diagrammatical Analysis.  Winona Lake, IN: BMH Books, 1979.  A good explanation of grammatical sentence diagramming in English, Hebrew, and Greek.  BS 600.2 .K36.
3Keller, Timothy J. Counterfeit Gods: The Empty Promises of Money, Sex, and Power, and the Only Hope that Matters. New York: Dutton, 2009.
3Kierkegaard, Søren.  For Self-Examination.  Minneapolis: Augsburg, 1940.  On not using scientific exegesis as an escape from commitment and obedience.
3Kohlenberger, John R., III Zondervan NIV Nave's Topical Bible.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1992.  A revision of Nave’s Topical Bible.  This is the best topical Bible.
5Krans, Jan. "Erasmus and the Text of Revelation 22:19: A Critique of Thomas Howard's Crowned With Glory," TC: A Journal of Biblical Textual Criticism 16 (2011), URL =  <www.reltech.org/TC/v16/Krans2011.pdf>, accessed April 12, 2012. [Relevant for those stuck on the Textus Receptus.]
1,6Kuhatschek, Jack, and Bunch, Cindy.  How to Lead a LifeGuide Bible Study.  3d ed.  Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2003.  Inductive Bible study, especially in order to facilitate leading group discussions.  The best short introduction that I know.
3Larson, Mildred.  A Manual for Problem Solving in Bible Translation.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1975.  Exercises to go along with Beekman and Callow.
5Levinson, Stephen C.  Pragmatics.  Cambridge: Cambridge University, 1983.  A standard text on the interface between language and context.  P 99.4 .P72 l48 1983.
5Liddell, Henry George, and Scott, Robert. A Greek-English Lexicon. Rev. and augmented by Henry Stuart Jones. With Supplement. Oxford: Oxford University, 1968. The 1883 edition is available for free as a large pdf: <http://campus.wts.edu/~vpoythress/nt123/nt123.html#pdfs>.
5Longacre, Robert.  An Anatomy of Speech Notions.  Lisse: De Ridder, 1976.  Propositional relations and other matters related to discourse.
5Longacre, Robert.  Grammar Discovery Procedures: A Field Manual.  The Hague: Mouton, 1964.  How to recognize an emic grammatical unit.
5Longacre, Robert.  The Grammar of Discourse.  New York/London: Plenum, 1983.  Update of Anatomy of Speech Notions.
4Longenecker, Richard N.  Biblical Exegesis in the Apostolic Period.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1974.  Comparison with rabbinic and Qumran methods.
3Longman, Tremper, III.  Old Testament Commentary Survey.  4th ed.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 2007.
5Longman, Tremper, III.  Literary Approaches to Biblical Interpretation.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1987.
2Louw, Johannes P., and Nida, Eugene A.  Eds.  Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament Based on Semantic Domains.  2 vols.  New York: United Bible Societies, 1988.  Ref. PA 881 .G68 1988.
5Lundin, Roger, Thiselton, Anthony C., and Walhout, Clarence.  The Responsibility of Hermeneutics.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1985.  A sane and nuanced attempt toward a balanced approach to philosophical hermeneutics.  It refuses to leave out the context of human beings, life, and action.
5Lyons, John.  Semantics.  2 vols.  Cambridge: Cambridge University, 1977.  A standard text discussing the present state of linguistic theory.
2,6Marshall, I. Howard, Millard, A. R., Packer, J. I., and Wiseman, D. J. Eds. New Bible Dictionary. 3d ed. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1996.
5Marshall, Ian Howard.  Ed.  New Testament Interpretation: Essays on Principles and Methods.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1977.
5McArthur, Tom.  Ed.  The Oxford Companion to the English Language.  Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.  Contains definitions and explanations of many terms from grammar and linguistics.  Ref. PE 31 .O94 1992.
5McCartney, Dan, and Charles Clayton.  Let the Reader Understand: A Guide to Interpreting and Applying the Bible.  Wheaton, IL: Victor Books, 1994.  An excellent up-to-date introduction to hermeneutics.  BS 3476 .M333 1994.
5McKim, Donald K.  Ed.  A Guide to Contemporary Hermeneutics: Major Trends in Biblical Interpretation.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1986.  Reprints of key articles concerning hermeneutical frameworks.  BS 500 .G85 1986.
5Meek, Esther Lightcap.  Longing to Know.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 2003.  Readable, engaging discussion of epistemology that links knowing God and knowing things in this world.  It is pertinent to hermeneutics, which concerns one form of knowing.  BT 50 .M44 2003.
5Meek, James A.  “Toward a Biblical Typology,” Th.M. thesis, Westminster Theological Seminary, May, 1981.  An excellent historical and principial essay on typology.
3Mickelsen, A. Berkeley.  Interpreting the Bible.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1963.  An evangelical textbook.
5Muller, Richard A.  The Study of Theology: From Biblical Interpretation to Contemporary Formulation.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1991.  On theological encyclopedia and the unity of the theological task.  Worth looking at, but says too little about the feedback from world view, derived from systematic theology and ethics, into historical investigation.  Also says nothing about the implications of divine authorship in making the Bible one book.  BR 118 .M83 1991
6The Navigator Bible Studies Handbook.  Colorado Springs: Navpress, 1979.  Elementary, but explicit about lots of steps in disciplining oneself to methodical Bible study.  BS 600.2 .N3 1979.
5Neill, Stephen C.  The Interpretation of the New Testament, 1861-1961 … .  London: Oxford, 1964.
3Newton, John. "On Controversy." Letter XIX. The Works of John Newton. Edinburgh/Carlisle, PA: The Banner of Truth Trust, 2015. 3 vols.
5Osborne, Grant R.  The Hermeneutical Spiral: A Comprehensive Introduction to Biblical Interpretation.  Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1991.  A mainstream evangelical textbook.  Most parts are easily readable, but some (e.g., on biblical theology and systematic theology) are more difficult.  BS 476 .O79 1991.
5Owen, John.  Συνεσις Πνευματικη: or, the Causes, Ways, and Means of Understanding the Mind of God as Revealed in His Word, with Assurance Therein; and a Declaration of the Perspecuity of the Scriptures, with the External Means of the Interpretation of Them.  London, 1678.  Works, IV.  The work of the Holy Spirit in saving illumination.  The necessity of godly character and prayer.
5Pike, Kenneth L., and Evelyn Pike.  Grammatical Analysis.  Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics, 1977.
5Pike, Kenneth L.  Language in Relation to a Unified Theory of the Structure of Human Behavior.  2d ed.  The Hague: Mouton, 1967.  Foundations of Christian linguistics.
5Pike, Kenneth L.  Linguistic Concepts: An Introduction to Tagmemics.  Lincoln: University of Nebraska, 1982.  Accessible, introductory text for Pike’s views of linguistics.  But there is less use of triads than in his earlier Language.
5Piper, John. Biblical Exegesis: Discovering the Meaning of Scriptural Texts. Internet publication, URL = <http://www.desiringgod.org/resource-library/seminars/biblical-exegesis>, accessed Dec. 27, 2012. ("Arcing," as taught by Daniel P. Fuller at Fuller Theological Seminary.)
4Piper, John.  The Supremacy of God in Preaching.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 1990.  An excellent challenge to godliness and knowing God as the foundation for God-glorifying preaching.
4Poythress, Vern S. Biblical Typology: How the Old Testament Points to Christ, His Church, and the Consummation. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2024.
5Poythress, Vern S.  “Christ the Only Savior of Interpretation,” Westminster Theological Journal 50 (1988) 305-321.
4Poythress, Vern S.  “The Church as Family: Why Male Leadership in the Family Requires Male Leadership in the Church.”  In John Piper and Wayne Grudem, eds.  Recovering Biblical Manhood and Womanhood: A Response to Evangelical Feminism.  Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 1991.  Pp. 233-247.
5Poythress, Vern S.  “Divine Meaning of Scripture,” Westminster Theological Journal 48 (1986) 241-279.  Relation of divine and human authors.
5Poythress, Vern S.  “A Framework for Discourse Analysis: The Components of a Discourse, from a Tagmemic Viewpoint,” Semiotica 38-3/4 (1982) 277-298.  An outline of my own framework.
5Poythress, Vern S., and Grudem, Wayne A.  The Gender-Neutral Bible Controversy: Muting the Masculinity of God’s Words.  Nashville, TN: Broadman and Holman, 2000.
1Poythress, Vern S.  God-Centered Biblical Interpretation.  Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1999.
5Poythress, Vern S.  “God’s Lordship in Interpretation,” Westminster Theological Journal 50 (1988) 27-64.
5Poythress, Vern S.  “Hierarchy in Discourse Analysis: A Revision of Tagmemics,” Semiotica 40-1/2 (1982) 107-137.
5Poythress, Vern S. In the Beginning Was the Word: Language--A God-Centered Approach. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2009.
5Poythress, Vern S. Philosophy, Science and the Sovereignty of God.  Nutley, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1976.  Multiperspective approach.
5Poythress, Vern S. "The Presence of God Qualifying Our Notions of Grammatical-Historical Interpretation," Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society 50/1 (2007) 87-103.
4Poythress, Vern S.  “Propositional Relations,” in The New Testament Student and His Field, vol. 5.  Ed. John H. Skilton and Curtiss A. Ladley.  Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1982.  Pp. 159-212.
3Poythress, Vern S. Reading the Word of God in the Presence of God: A Handbook for Biblical Interpretation. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2016.
5Poythress, Vern S.  Science and Hermeneutics: Implications of Scientific Method for Biblical Interpretation.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1988.  Analogies between scientific revolutions according to Thomas Kuhn and frameworks for biblical interpretation.
5Poythress, Vern S.  “Structuralism and Biblical Studies,” JETS 21 (1978) 221-237.  An introduction to and evaluation of structuralism.
1Poythress, Vern S.  Symphonic Theology: The Validity of Multiple Perspectives in Theology.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1987.  Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 2001.
1Poythress, Vern S.  Understanding Dispensationalists.  2d ed.  Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1994.
4Pratt, Richard L., Jr. He Gave Us Stories: The Bible Student's Guide to Interpreting Old Testament Narratives. Brentwood, TN: Wolgemuth & Hyatt, 1990. Despite the title, quite a bit is about hermeneutics for all of Scripture.
5Pritchard, James B.  The Harper Atlas of the Bible.  New York: Harper & Row, 1987.  G 2230 .H47 1987.
5Ramm, Bernard L., ed.  Hermeneutics.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 1971.
5Ramm, Bernard L.  Protestant Biblical Interpretation: A Textbook of Hermeneutics.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 1970.  An evangelical textbook.
5Reumann, John.  “Methods in Studying the Biblical Text Today,” Concordia Theological Monthly 40:10 (Nov., 1969) 655-681.  A historical-critical view of the steps in sermon preparation.
5Robertson, Owen Palmer.  “The Outlook for Biblical Theology,” in Toward a Theology for the Future.  Ed. David F. Wells and Clark H. Pinnock.  Carol Stream: Creation House, 1971.
5Robins, R. H.  General Linguistics: An Introductory Survey.  London: Longman, 1964.
5Robertson, A. T. A Grammar of the Greek New Testament .... 4th ed. New York: Hodder & Stoughton, 1923. http://campus.wts.edu/~vpoythress/nt123/pdfs/Robertson.AGrammarOfTheGreekNewTestament1923.pdf
4Ryken, Leland, Wilhoit, James C., and Longman, Tremper, III.  Eds.  Dictionary of Biblical Imagery.  Downers Grove, IL: InterVaristy, 1998.
4Ryken, Leland.  How to Read the Bible as Literature.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1984.  Good for stimulating your sensitivity to the texture of biblical communication.
4Ryken, Leland.  The Word of God in English: Criteria for Excellence in Bible Translation.  Wheaton: Crossway, 2002.
4Ryken, Leland.  Words of Delight: A Literary Introduction to the Bible.  Grand Rapids: Baker, 1987.  BS 535 .R94 1987
5Ryrie, Charles C.  Dispensationalism. Revised and Expanded. Chicago: Moody, 1995.  An introduction to dispensationalism.
5Sauer, Erich.  From Eternity to Eternity: An Outline of the Divine Purposes.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1954.  Modified dispensationalism.
4Schlossberg, Herbert.  Idols for Destruction: Christian Faith and Its Confrontation with American Society.  Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson, 1983.  A penetrating critique of the idolatries of American society.  Helpful in thinking through how to relate biblical teaching to the situations of your audience.  HN 90 .M6 S34 1983.
5Scholer, David M.  A Basic Bibliographic Guide for New Testament Exegesis.  2d ed.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1973.
3Silva, Moisés.  Biblical Words and Their Meaning: An Introduction to Lexical Semantics.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1983.  Rev. ed., 1994.  A summary of some of the main contributions of a linguistic point of view to biblical interpretation.
5Silva, Moisés.  God, Language, and Scripture: Reading the Bible in the Light of General Linguistics.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1990.  BS 537 .B544 1990.
5Silva, Moisés.  Has the Church Misread the Bible?  The History of Interpretation in the Light of Current Issues.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1987.
4Silva, Moisés.  “The Silva Mind-Control Method for Buying NT Commentaries without Losing Your Balance (Mental, Physical, or Fiscal).” WTS, typescript.
6Sproul, R. C.  Knowing Scripture.  Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1977.  Overarching principles affirming the clarity, relevance, and objectivity of Scriptural teaching.
5Stendahl, Krister.  “Biblical Theology, Contemporary,” in The Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible.  Ed. George A. Buttrick.  4 vols.  New York/Nashville: Abingdon, 1962.  I 418-432.
3,6Sterrett, T. Norton, and Schultz, Richard L. How to Understand Your Bible. Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2010.
3Stott, John R. W.  Between Two Worlds: The Art of Preaching in the Twentieth Century.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1982.  Dual interface with the Bible and people’s lives in the contemporary world.  BV 4211.2 .S8 1982
3Stuart, Douglas.  Old Testament Exegesis: A Primer for Students and Pastors.  Philadelphia: Westminster, 1980.  An outline for sermon preparations with good accompanying bibliography.  BS 1194 .S83.
5Tasker, R. V. G.  The Old Testament in the New Testament.  2d ed.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1963.
5Terry, Milton S.  Biblical Hermeneutics: A Treatise on the Interpretation of the Old and New Testaments.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1974.  A nineteenth century hermeneutics textbook.  Many weaknesses.
5Thayer, J. H. A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament.... Boston: Hastings, 1896. Available for free as a pdf: <http://campus.wts.edu/~vpoythress/nt123/nt123.html#pdfs>.
5Thiselton, Anthony C.  New Horizons in Hermeneutics: The Theory and Practice of Transforming Biblical Reading.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1992.  An advanced critical survey of modern interpretive theories.
5Thiselton, Anthony C.  “Semantics and New Testament Interpretation,” in New Testament Interpretation.  Ed.  I. Howard Marshall.  Exeter: Paternoster Press, 1977.  Pp. 75-104.  A survey of the bearing of twentieth century semantic theory on NT interpretation.
3,6Traina, Robert A. Methodical Bible Study. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2002. A precursor to discourse analysis.
5Trimp, C.  Preaching and the History of Salvation: Continuing an Unfinished Discussion.  Scarsdale, NY: Westminster Discount Book Service, 1996.  A useful summary and critical evaluation of the controversy in Netherlands over redemptive-historical preaching.  BV 4212 .T74513 1996.
2Van Til, Cornelius.  An Introduction to Systematic Theology: Prolegomena and the Doctrines of Revelation, Scripture, and God. 2d ed. Ed. William Edgar. Phillipsburg, NJ: P & R, 2007. Contains much excellent material on revelation, relevant for understanding the general context of biblical interpretation.  BT 75.3 .V36 2007.
4Vos, Geerhardus.  Biblical Theology.  Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1948.
3,6Wald, Oletta. The New Joy of Discovery in Bible Study. Rev. ed. Minneapolis: Augsburg-Fortress, 2002. A pedagogically designed simplification of Traina.
6Wald, Oletta. The New Joy of Teaching Discovery. Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 2002.
5Wallace, Daniel B.  Greek Grammar Beyond the Basics: An Exegetical Syntax of the New Testament.  Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1996.  PA 851 .W34 1996.    
5Waltke, Bruce K.  “A Canonical Process Approach to the Psalms,” in Tradition and Testament: Essays in Honor of Charles Lee Feinberg.  Ed. John S. Feinberg and Paul D. Feinberg.  Chicago: Moody, 1981.  Pp. 3-18.  The relation of the immediate context to the whole of the canon.
5Waltke, Bruce K., and O’Connor, M.  Introduction to Biblical Hebrew Syntax.  Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1989.
5Werner, John.  “Discourse Analysis of the Greek New Testament,” in The New Testament Student and His Field.  Ed.  John H. Skilton and Curtiss A. Ladley.  Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1982.  Pp. 213-233.
www.bestcommentaries.com
3Yamauchi, Edwin M., and Wilson, Marvin R. Dictionary of Daily Life in Biblical and Post-biblical Antiquity. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 2014-2016.
4Zens, Jon.  “Building Up the Body: One Man or One Another?” Baptist Reformation Review 10 no. 2 (1981) 10-33.